What is Self Assessment?

Self Assessment is a system used by HMRC to collect income tax. As a self-employed person, it's your responsibility to report your income and expenses to HMRC, which is done through a Self Assessment tax return. Self Assessment is also used for people who receive income from other sources, such as rental income or investments.

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What is a Self Assessment tax return?

A Self Assessment tax return is a form that you fill out to report your income and expenses for the tax year. The tax year in the UK runs from 6th April to 5th April the following year. You'll need to report all of your income, including any self-employed income, and all of your expenses that are related to your self-employment.

The Self Assessment tax return will calculate how much income tax you need to pay based on the amount of money you made and the expenses you incurred throughout the tax year. You'll also need to pay National Insurance contributions, which are used to fund things like the National Health Service (NHS) and your state pension.

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Why is Self Assessment important?

Submitting your Self Assessment tax return on time is important, as failing to do so can result in penalties from HMRC. Additionally, submitting an inaccurate tax return can lead to further penalties and even legal action.

The deadline for submitting your tax return through Self Assessment is 31st January following the end of the tax year. For example, the deadline for submitting your tax return for the tax year 2022/23 (which runs from 6th April 2022 to 5th April 2023) is 31st January 2024.

Note that you must also pay any tax owed by the same deadline, otherwise you may face penalties and interest charges. If you're unable to pay your tax bill in full by the deadline, you should still submit your tax return on time and contact HMRC to arrange a payment plan or discuss other options.

By completing your Self Assessment tax return accurately and on time, you'll ensure that you're paying the right amount of tax and NI contributions. You'll also be able to claim any tax relief you're entitled to, which can help reduce your tax bill.

FAQ

What is a balancing payment for Self Assessment?

A balancing payment is the amount of tax you owe after you've submitted your Self Assessment tax return and made any payments on account (if applicable). The balancing payment is due on 31st January following the end of the tax year.

What is the fine for a late Self Assessment?

The fine for a late Self Assessment tax return depends on how late it is. If you file your tax return up to 3 months late, the fine is £100 and progressively grows the later you submit your return.

What is my user ID for Self Assessment?

Your user ID for Self Assessment is a unique identifier that you'll receive from HMRC when you register for Self Assessment. It is a 10-digit number, also known as a Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR), and can be found on any previous Self Assessment documents or correspondence from HMRC.